What common complication should a nurse monitor for after a lumbar puncture?

After a lumbar puncture, which involves inserting a needle into the spinal canal to collect cerebrospinal fluid or administer medications, one of the most significant complications to monitor for is the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid. This can occur if the puncture site does not seal properly after the procedure, leading to what is known as a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak.

A CSF leak can result in symptoms such as a severe headache, which may be exacerbated when the patient is upright due to the change in pressure. Therefore, it is crucial for nurses to assess the puncture site and observe for any signs of leakage that could lead to increased intracranial pressure or other complications.

Monitoring for leakage of CSF helps ensure early intervention if any issues arise, as proper management can alleviate potential issues associated with this complication, such as headaches or even more severe neurological complications over time.