What adverse effect should be observed in a child receiving corticosteroids?

Observing an increased risk of infection and weight gain in a child receiving corticosteroids is crucial due to the immunosuppressive effects of these medications. Corticosteroids work by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system, which can leave the child more vulnerable to infections from bacteria, viruses, and pathogens that the body would typically fend off. This risk is particularly important in children, as their immune systems may already be developing.

In addition to the increased susceptibility to infections, corticosteroids can also lead to weight gain. This occurs because these drugs can increase appetite and cause changes in metabolism, leading to fat accumulation, particularly in the face and abdomen—a phenomenon often referred to as "moon facies" or "Cushingoid" appearance.

Other options, such as improvements in mood and energy levels or enhanced growth, do not align with the typical adverse effects of corticosteroids. While some patients might initially experience mood improvements due to reduced inflammation or pain, the long-term use generally leads to more significant adverse effects, including potential mood swings or behavioral changes due to the medication. Enhanced growth and physical development would also not be expected effects, as chronic use of corticosteroids can actually inhibit growth in children by affecting the endocrine system.

Overall, monitoring for these